Domin ƙasar ya zana madaidaiciya. 
Ga sama, baka yana samanta; 
Farin sarari tsakanin yini 
cike da asterisks na dare; 
A gefen hagu akwai wurin fitowar rana. 
a gefen dama akwai wurin faɗuwar rana. 
a saman shine lokacin azahar. 
haka kuma ruwan sama da yanayin gizagizai 
Layukan shakuwa suna saukowa daga gareta.
Daga  "Wakokin Hiawatha"  Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Lokacin da masu bincike na Turai suka isa Amurka, ’yan asalin ƙasar Amirka ba sa sadarwa ta hanyar rubutaccen harshe kamar yadda muka sani. Maimakon haka, sun ba da labaru (labarun baka) kuma sun ƙirƙira hotuna da alamomi. Irin wannan sadarwar ba ta keɓanta da ita ba  ƴan ƙasar Amurka tun kafin zuwan rubuce-rubuce, mutane a duk faɗin duniya sun rubuta abubuwan da suka faru, ra'ayoyi, tsare-tsare, taswira da ji ta hanyar zana hotuna da alamomi akan duwatsu, fata da sauran saman.

An gano alamun hoto na tarihi don kalma ko jumla kafin 3000 BC. Waɗannan alamomin, waɗanda ake kira pictograms, an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar zane a saman dutse tare da alatun halitta. Wadannan pigments na halitta sun haɗa da baƙin ƙarfe oxides da aka samu a cikin hematite ko limonite, farar fata ko rawaya, da kuma duwatsu masu laushi, gawayi, da ma'adanai na jan karfe. Wadannan al'amuran halitta an haɗa su don ƙirƙirar palette na rawaya, fari, ja, kore, baki da shuɗi. Hotunan tarihi galibi ana samun su a ƙarƙashin ginshiƙan kariya ko a cikin kogo inda aka tsare su daga abubuwa.

Paviotso Payute ya kirkiro petroglyphs na Edward S. Curtis, 1924.

Wani nau'in sadarwa mai kama da shi, wanda ake kira petroglyphs, an sassaƙa shi, sassaƙa, ko sawa cikin saman dutse. Wannan zaren ƙila ya sami haƙora mai gani a cikin dutsen, ko kuma ya yanke zurfin ciki don fallasa kayan da ba a taɓa gani ba na wani launi daban a ƙarƙashinsa.

Alamun ƴan asalin Amirka sun kasance kamar kalmomi kuma galibi suna da ma'anoni ɗaya ko fiye da / ko sun ƙunshi ma'anoni daban-daban. Bambance-bambance daga kabila zuwa kabila, wani lokaci yana da wuya a fahimci ma'anarsu, yayin da sauran alamomin a bayyane suke. Saboda Indiyawan kabilu suna magana da yaruka da yawa, alamomi ko "hotunan zana" galibi ana amfani dasu don isar da kalmomi da ra'ayoyi. An kuma yi amfani da alamomi don ƙawata gidaje, an zana su a kan fatun buffalo kuma an rubuta muhimman abubuwan da suka faru na kabilar.

Petroglyphs a cikin dajin dajin na Arizona, wanda Ma'aikatar Parking ta Kasa ta kirkira.

Waɗannan hotuna shaidu ne masu kima na maganganun al'adu kuma suna da ma'ana ta ruhaniya ga ƴan asalin ƙasar Amirka na zamani da zuriyar mutanen Spain na farko.

Zuwan mutanen Sipaniya zuwa kudu maso yamma a shekara ta 1540 ya yi tasiri sosai a rayuwar jama'ar Pueblo. A cikin 1680, kabilun Pueblo sun yi tawaye ga mulkin Spain kuma suka kori mazauna daga yankin zuwa El Paso.  Texas ... A cikin 1692 Mutanen Espanya sun koma yankin  Albuquerque ,  jihar new mexico  ... Sakamakon komawarsu, an sami sabon tasiri na addinin Katolika, wanda ya hana shiga  Puebloans a yawancin bukukuwan su na gargajiya. Sakamakon haka, yawancin waɗannan ayyukan sun tafi ƙarƙashin ƙasa kuma yawancin hoton Puebloan ya ƙi.

Akwai dalilai da yawa don ƙirƙirar petroglyphs, yawancin waɗanda al'ummar zamani ba su fahimta sosai ba. Petroglyphs sun fi kawai "zane-zanen dutse", zana hotuna ko kwaikwayon duniyar halitta. Kada a rikita su da hieroglyphs, waɗanda alamomi ne da ake amfani da su don wakiltar kalmomi, kuma bai kamata a yi la'akari da su a matsayin tsohuwar rubutun rubutun Indiya ba. Petroglyphs alamu ne masu ƙarfi na al'adu waɗanda ke nuna hadaddun al'ummomi da addinai na kabilun da ke kewaye.

Alamomin Asalin Amurkawa, Totems Da Ma'anarsu - Zazzagewar Dijital

Mahallin kowane hoto yana da matuƙar mahimmanci kuma wani sashe ne na ma'anarsa. Mutanen ’yan asalin a yau sun bayyana cewa sanya kowane hoton petroglyph ba yanke shawara ne na katsalandan ko na ganganci ba. Wasu petroglyphs suna da ma'anoni da aka sani kawai ga waɗanda suka halicce su. Wasu suna wakiltar alamomin kabila, dangi, kiwa, ko al'umma. Wasu daga cikinsu kungiyoyin addini ne, yayin da wasu ke nuna wadanda suka zo yankin da kuma inda suka je. Petroglyphs har yanzu suna da ma'anar zamani, yayin da ba a san ma'anar wasu ba, amma ana girmama su don kasancewa na "waɗanda suka kasance a da."

Akwai dubban pictograms da petroglyphs a ko'ina cikin Amurka, tare da mafi girma taro a Amurka Kudu maso yammacin. Fiye da kowane abu shine Babban abin tunawa na Petroglyph a New Mexico. Masu binciken archaeologists sun kiyasta rukunin na iya samun sama da 25000 petroglyphs a kan ɓangarorin mil 17. Ƙananan kaso na petroglyphs da aka samu a wurin shakatawa daga lokacin Puebloan, maiyuwa a farkon 2000 BC. Wasu hotunan kwanan wata daga lokutan tarihi waɗanda suka fara a cikin 1700s, tare da petroglyphs waɗanda farkon mazauna Spain suka zana. An kiyasta cewa kashi 90% na petroglyphs na abin tunawa, kakannin mutanen Pueblo ne suka kirkiro su. Puebloans sun rayu a kwarin Rio Grande tun kafin AD 500, amma haɓakar yawan jama'a a kusan AD 1300 ya haifar da sabbin ƙauyuka da yawa.

Arrow		kariya
Arrow		Fadakarwa
Bayan bajar		Summer
Bear		.Arfi
Bakin kafa		Da kyau
Babban dutse		Babban yalwa
Bird		Rashin kulawa, rashin kulawa
Kibiya karya		Duniya
Da'irar giciye ta karye		Hudu yanayi da ke juyi
'Yan uwa		Hadin kai, daidaito, aminci
Roga Buivola		Nasara
Rufin baffa ne		Tsarkaka, girmamawa ga rayuwa
Malamai		Rayuwa marar mutuwa
Cactus		Alamar hamada
Ƙwayoyin ƙafar ƙafafu da coyote		Mai yaudara
Kibiyoyin da aka ketare		Aboki
Kwanaki-Dare		Lokaci yana wucewa
Bayan barewa		Yi wasa da yawa
Zana baka da kibiya		Mafarauta
Mai bushewa		Nama mai yawa
Eagle		'Yanci
Tushen mikiya		Babban
Abin da aka makala		raye-rayen bikin
Ƙarshen hanya		Aminci, karshen yaki
Mugun ido		Wannan alamar tana kare kariya daga la'anar mugun ido.
Fuskantar kibau		Tunani na mugayen ruhohi
Shekaru hudu		Jariri, Matasa, Tsakiya, Tsofaffi
Gecko		Alamar hamada
dodo mai guba		Lokacin yin mafarki
Babban Ruhu		Babban Ruhu shine ra'ayi na ruhi na duniya ko babban halitta wanda ke mamaye yawancin kabilun Amurkawa.
Tufafin kai		Biki
Hogan		Gida na dindindin
Horse		yawon shakatawa
Kokopelli		Flutist, Haihuwa
lighting		Ƙarfi, Gudu
Kullin walƙiya		Gaggawa
namiji		Rayuwa
Idon mayya		Hikima
Taurarin safe		Gudanarwa
Tsaunin dutse		Makomawa
Waƙa		An ƙetare
Bututun zaman lafiya		Biki, mai tsarki
Ruwan sama		Girbi mai albarka
Gizagizai na ruwan sama		Kyakkyawan hangen nesa
Rattlesnake jaws		.Arfi
Jakar sirdi		yawon shakatawa
skyband		Yana kaiwa ga farin ciki
Snake		Rashin biyayya
Furen kabewa		Haihuwa
солнце		Farin ciki
Itaciyar rana		Haihuwa
Sun God Mask		Rana Allah ruhi ne mai ƙarfi a tsakanin kabilun Indiya da yawa.
Hasken rana		Kullum
Swastika		Kusurwoyi hudu na duniya, wadata
Nau'ukan		Gida na wucin gadi
Thunderbird		Farin ciki mara iyaka, Mai kiran ruwan sama
Waƙar Thunderbird		Hanya mai haske
Ruwa yana aiki		Rayuwa ta dindindin
Kafar Wolf		'Yanci, nasara
Zuni Bear		Lafiya