RGB - menene darajar sani?

Bakan na raƙuman ruwa na lantarki a cikin kewayon daga 380 zuwa 780 nanometers yana da kwatancen lissafi da yawa a cikin nau'in sararin launi mai girma uku. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda idon ɗan adam yana aiki a nan. A cikin yanayin ƙirƙirar launuka akan fuska da masu saka idanu, ana amfani da tsarin RGB.

Menene samfurin RGB?

RGB - ɗayan manyan samfuran sararin launi masu alaƙa da haske mai gani, godiya ga waɗanda launuka za'a iya yin rikodin su akan kowane nau'ikan na'urori masu fitar da haske.

Sunan kansa taƙaitaccen haruffan farkon haruffa uku ne a cikin Ingilishi:

• R ja yana nufin ja
• G - kore, i.e. kore
• B - blue, wanda ke nufin blue

Tsarin shine sakamakon tsinkaye kai tsaye na launi ta idon ɗan adam. Gaskiyar ita ce, duk launukan da ido ya gane ana iya wakilta su daidai a sakamakon haɗuwa da hasken wuta daidai gwargwado a cikin waɗannan launuka uku. Hanyar rikodi na RGB da farko ana amfani da ita ne ga na'urorin tsinkaya na zamani, watau masu saka idanu, allon LCD, wayoyin hannu da allon allo, da majigi. Hakanan yana aiki da kyau don gano na'urorin kamar dijital kamara da na'urar daukar hotan takardu, da kuma a kimiyyar kwamfuta, tunda palette mai launi na mafi yawan fayiloli ana rubuta su a cikin RGB azaman 24-bit notation - 8 bits ga kowane bangare.

Yaya ake sake haifar da launuka a cikin tsarin RGB?

Don samun launukan abubuwan da ke cikin RGB, ana amfani da hanyar haɗakarwa, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙirƙirar launuka ɗaya ta hanyar haɗa hasken haske tare da zaɓaɓɓun ƙarfin da aka zaɓa a hankali. Sakamakon haka, hotuna masu launi da yawa suna bayyana akan na'urori ko wasu na'urorin da aka ambata a sama. Ma’ana, idan hasken launukan farko guda uku suka fado a saman fuskar allo, kai tsaye sukan haifar da sabbin launuka wadanda idanuwan dan Adam ke dauka, sun dora a kan junansu. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙayyadaddun kaddarorin ido, wanda ba zai iya bambance tsakanin sassan mutum ɗaya ba, amma yana ganin su tare, kawai a matsayin sabon launi. Hasken haske daga allon yana tafiya kai tsaye cikin idanu kuma ba a nuna shi daga wani abu a hanya.

Ƙarin ƙarin abubuwan haɓakawa a cikin haɓakar haɓaka yana faruwa akan bangon baki, saboda haka lamarin yake tare da masu saka idanu. Wannan ya bambanta da yanayin palette mai launi na CMYK, wanda bango shine launin fari na takardar kuma ana amfani da shi ta hanyar rufe abubuwan da aka gyara ta amfani da hanyar halftone. Samfurin RGB yana ba da dama da yawa, amma ku tuna cewa na'urorin da aka yi amfani da su sune mabuɗin haɓaka launi. Kowannensu na iya samun nau'ikan sifofi daban-daban don haka bambance-bambance a cikin tsinkayen launi dangane da wane allon idanu suke.

Yadda ake samun takamaiman launi?

Yana da kyau a jaddada cewa kowane launi a cikin tsarin RGB na iya samun kowane darajar daga 0 zuwa 255, watau. nuna haske na wasu launuka. Lokacin da aka saita bangaren zuwa 0, allon ba zai iya yin haske a wannan launi ba. Ƙimar 255 ita ce matsakaicin yuwuwar haske. Don samun rawaya, R da G dole ne su zama 255 kuma B dole ne su zama 0.

Don samun farin haske a cikin RGB, dole ne a haɗa launuka daban-daban a matsakaicin ƙarfi, watau. Launuka a gefe - R, G da B ya kamata saboda haka suna da darajar 255. Ana samun Black a mafi ƙanƙanta dabi'u, watau. 0. Z, bi da bi, launin toka yana buƙatar sanya wa kowane bangare ƙima a tsakiyar wannan sikelin, watau. 128. Don haka, ta hanyar haɗa ƙimar launi mai fitarwa, kowane launi na iya nunawa.

Me yasa ake amfani da launin ja, kore da shuɗi?

An riga an tattauna wannan batu a wani bangare. Bayan haka, ba daidai ba ne cewa ana amfani da waɗannan launuka uku a cikin wannan samfurin, kuma ba wasu ba. Komai ya dogara ne akan takamaiman iyawar idon ɗan adam. Yana ƙunshe da masu ɗaukar hoto na musamman na hangen nesa, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na retinal. A cikin mahallin waɗannan la'akari, cones da ke da alhakin hangen nesa na hoto, watau, fahimtar launi a cikin haske mai kyau, suna da mahimmanci. Idan hasken ya yi tsanani sosai, hankalin hangen nesa yana raguwa saboda yawan jikewar waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da shi.

Don haka, suppositories suna ɗaukar haske suna da jeri daban-daban na tsawon zango, kuma hakan ya faru cewa akwai manyan ƙungiyoyin suppositories guda uku - kowannensu yana nuna kulawa ta musamman ga takamaiman tsayin igiyar ruwa. A sakamakon haka, raƙuman raƙuman ruwa a kusa da 700 nm suna da alhakin ganin ja, a kusa da 530 nm suna ba da ra'ayi na shuɗi a cikin fahimta, kuma tsayin daka na 420 nm suna da alhakin kore. Ƙaƙƙarfan launi na launi shine sakamakon amsawar ƙungiyoyin suppositories na kowane nau'i na haske na bayyane.

Idan haske ya shiga kai tsaye cikin sashin hangen nesa kuma ba a nuna shi akan kowane abu a cikin hanyarsa ba, to, ana iya bayyana wasu launuka cikin sauƙi, wanda ke faruwa akan na'urori, allo, na'urori ko kyamarori. Ana amfani da aikin ƙari da aka ambata a sama, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙara launuka ɗaya zuwa bango mai duhu. Wani abu ne kuma idan idon ɗan adam ya ga haske mai haske. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, tsinkayen launi ya zama sakamakon shayar da igiyoyin lantarki na wani tsayi da abu. A cikin kwakwalwar mutum, wannan yana haifar da bayyanar wani launi. Wannan shine ainihin kishiyar ƙa'idar ƙari, inda aka cire launuka daga asalin fari.

Yaya ake amfani da palette launi na RGB?

RGB yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci a cikin mahallin ayyukan da suka shafi fannin tallace-tallacen Intanet. Da farko, muna magana ne game da ƙirƙirar aikin ƙirar gidan yanar gizo da duk wasu ayyuka akan Intanet waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙara hotuna da hotuna zuwa abubuwan da aka buga (misali, akan hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa), da ƙirƙirar zane ko bayanan bayanai. Ba tare da ingantaccen ilimin ƙirƙirar launuka a cikin ƙirar RGB ba, zai yi wahala a cimma cikakkiyar sakamako mai gamsarwa, musamman tunda kowane hoto ya ɗan bambanta akan na'urorin lantarki guda ɗaya. Ko da sauƙaƙan sauyi a cikin hasken allo yana haifar da tsinkaye daban-daban na launuka (wanda ya faru ne saboda ƙwarewar cones).

Yana da daraja tunawa cewa saitunan saka idanu suna shafar fahimtar launuka kuma saboda haka wani lokacin gaske babban bambance-bambance a cikin inuwa. Wannan ilimin tabbas yana guje wa yawancin rashin fahimta tare da layin zane-zane da abokan ciniki. Abin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci don ganin takamaiman aiki akan aƙalla masu saka idanu da yawa. Sannan yana da sauƙin fahimtar abin da masu sauraro ke gani. Hakanan ba za a sami matsala ba, bayan amincewa, aikin zai gabatar da kansa daban, saboda kwatsam abokin ciniki ya canza saitunan saka idanu.

Hanya ɗaya daga cikin halin da ake ciki shine yin aiki tare da mai zanen hoto wanda ke da na'ura mai inganci wanda ke ba ka damar mafi kyawun nunin launuka dangane da sigogin fitarwa. Har ila yau, ya kamata a jaddada cewa a cikin yanayin da aka buga, irin waɗannan matsalolin ba su tashi ba. Ya isa a shirya bugu na gwaji a gaba don ganin yadda duk aikin bugawa zai yi kama da gaske.

source:

Mai samar da tallan waje - https://anyshape.pl/