Tubal ligation - abin da yake da shi, alamomi, contraindications, illa

Tubal ligation ana la'akari da hanyar lafiya mai lafiya, wanda aiwatar da shi bai kamata ya yi barazana ga lafiyar mace da rayuwar mace ba. Zaɓin wannan hanyar shine don 'yantar da mace daga haɗarin da ke tattare da wasu abubuwan hana haihuwa, kamar illar maganin hormones na baka, magudin da zai iya haifar da lalacewa ga sashin haihuwa lokacin shigar da IUD, zobe na farji, ko kuma farashin da ke hade da akai-akai. ziyara. rubuta takardun magani. Tubal ligation hanya ce ta shahara sosai a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba sosai.

1. Menene tubal ligation?

Tubal ligation ita ce hanya mafi inganci don hana ciki. Tubal ligation hanya ce ta fiɗa wacce ake yanke bututun da ɗaure. Yana gurbata shi patency na fallopian tubesta inda kwai da aka haifa ba zai iya shiga cikin mahaifa ba. Tubal ligation ya yi nasara - ma'aunin Lu'u-lu'u shine 0,5. Wani lokaci bututun fallopian suna buɗewa ba da daɗewa ba, amma waɗannan lokuta keɓe ne. Ana yin aikin ta hanyar laparotomy ko laparoscopy a karkashin maganin sa barci na gida ko na gabaɗaya.

Tubal ligation sau da yawa yana faruwa a lokacin aikin caesarean. Mace za ta iya fara yin jima'i ne kawai bayan raunuka sun warke, wanda ya ɗauki kimanin watanni 3. Game da aikace-aikacen irin wannan hanyoyin hana haihuwa dole ne mace ta yanke shawara tare da tuntubar abokin zamanta, kuma dole ne a ba da izinin tsarin a rubuce. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan mafita ce mara jurewa. irin wannan hana daukar ciki ana yi a kasashen da suka ci gaba sosai.

A Poland, irin wannan hanya ba bisa ka'ida ba ce. A karkashin dokar laifuka, hana mutum ikon haihuwa yana da hukuncin dauri na shekara 1 zuwa 10. Ana aiwatar da wannan hukunci akan likitan da ke yin aikin, ba akan macen da ta zaɓa ta yi ba.

Ana ba da izinin yin amfani da Tubal idan yana cikin maganin ko kuma idan ciki na gaba zai cutar da lafiyar mace sosai ko kuma yana da haɗari ga rayuwa.

Hakanan ana yarda da wannan a cikin yanayin da zuriya ta gaba za su sami cuta mai tsananin gaske. A wasu yanayi, likita ba zai iya yin aikin ba ko da a buƙatar mai haƙuri kai tsaye.

2. Haifuwa a da da yanzu

Haifuwa yana da dogon tarihi a duniya. Abin baƙin cikin shine, ana aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, suna keta 'yancin mata na kansu, suna cutar da su.

Abin da ya zama ruwan dare shine haifuwar mata matalauta da baƙar fata, waɗanda, idan aka yi adawa, an bar su ba tare da taimakon likita da taimakon kayan aiki ba. A cikin tarihin wayewarmu akwai kuma lokuta na tilastawa haifuwa ga masu tabin hankali, fursunoni da wakilan tsirarun kabilu don kawar da su. Sun kasance take hakkin dan Adam.

A halin yanzu, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, irin wannan aiki a Poland ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, kuma aiwatar da shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku. Koyaya, a cikin Amurka da ƙasashe da yawa na Yammacin Turai (Austria, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Burtaniya), ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar bisa ga buƙatar mai haƙuri.

3. Yanke shawarar ko yakamata ku sami ligation na tubal.

Shawarar yin tiyata tubal ligation yana daya daga cikin yanke shawara mafi wahala a rayuwar mace. Akwai 'yan sakamako kaɗan, saboda babban kashi na hanya ba zai iya jurewa ba. Ya kamata mace ta auna cikin nutsuwa da adalci, ta auna duk wata fa'ida da rashin amfani, ta sani sarai cewa a nan gaba ba za ta iya haihuwa ta dabi'a ba. Ya kamata ta yi la'akari da yanayin rayuwa daban-daban da za ta iya samun kanta a ciki, kamar canjin abokin tarayya da sha'awar haihuwa daga gare shi, mutuwar yaro. Ya kamata kuma ta yi la'akari da wasu hanyoyi, kamar amfani da wasu magungunan hana haihuwa.

Mafi yawan dalilan da yasa mata ke yanke shawarar sharar haihuwa sune:

• rashin son samun ƙarin yara yayin da ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da wasu hanyoyin hana haihuwa ba,
• matsalolin kiwon lafiya da ka iya tabarbarewa yayin daukar ciki da kuma yin barazana ga rayuwar uwa,
• kwayoyin halitta anomalies.

Ko da yake mata suna ƙoƙarin yin tunani kafin yin yanke shawara na ƙarshe game da hanya, kusan 14-25% na nadamar shawarar da suka yanke. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga matan da suka yanke shawarar yin haifuwa tun suna ƙanana (shekaru 18-24) - kusan kashi 40% na nadamar shawararsu. Saboda haka, a wasu ƙasashe akwai shawarwari don yiwuwar haifuwa bayan shekaru 30 a cikin matan da suka riga sun haifi yara.

Akwai cibiyoyi a duniya da suka kware wajen maido da patency na tubes na fallopian, amma wadannan hanyoyi ne masu sarkakiya da tsada, wadanda ba za a iya tabbatar da nasararsu ba. Don haka yana da kyau a sanar da mace a hankali duk illar da za ta iya haifar da tabarbarewar Tuba.

4. Alamun tiyatar tubal ligation.

Baya ga haifuwa na son rai, akwai kuma alamun da ke tabbatar da cewa wace mace za ta yi wannan aikin na tubal ligation. Ana iya raba su zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi da yawa:

• alamomin likitanci - sun rufe dukkan nau'ikan cututtukan ciki da na cututtukan daji waɗanda zasu iya haifar da rikice-rikice na kiwon lafiya ko ma haɗarin rayuwa lokacin da mace ta sami ciki. A lokacin aikin, dole ne cutar ta kasance cikin gafara ko kulawa da kyau, kuma yanayin mai haƙuri dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi.
• alamomin kwayoyin halitta - lokacin da mace ta kasance mai ɗaukar nauyin kwayoyin halitta kuma haihuwar yaro mai lafiya daga gare ta ba zai yiwu a likita ba,
• bisa ga alamun psychosocial, wannan shine rigakafin rigakafin ciki a cikin mata waɗanda ke cikin wahala, ba zai yiwu ba don inganta yanayin kuɗi.

Yana da matukar mahimmanci cewa an sanar da mai haƙuri sosai game da tsarin aikin tubal, fa'idodi, alamomi, contraindications da yiwuwar rikitarwa bayan aikin kafin yin shi yayin ziyarar likita.

5. Illolin Tubal ligation

Sakamako na tubal ligation rashin haihuwa na dindindin. Saboda haka, kafin mace ta yanke shawarar wannan hanya, ya kamata ta yi la'akari da ko ta tabbata cewa ba ta son haihuwa. Ingantacciyar aikin tubal ligation babba. Hanyar, wanda ke dawo da patency na tubes na fallopian, yana da tasiri kawai 30%.

Duk da haka, ku sani cewa idan kun yi juna biyu kafin aikin, akwai babban haɗari na ciki ectopic. Yana faruwa a ƙididdiga sau da yawa a cikin ƙananan matan da aka yi aikin, da kuma a cikin waɗanda aka yi wa tiyata ta hanyar amfani da electrocoagulation na tubes na fallopian. Kafin hanya, ya kamata ku yi amfani da wasu hanyoyin hana haihuwa, tare da babban alamar lu'u-lu'u (muna ba ku shawara kada ku yi amfani da hanyar kalanda, yana da kyau a yi amfani da kwaroron roba ko rashin jima'i na wucin gadi).

Wasu mata kuma suna ba da rahoton kamuwa da mafitsara akai-akai bayan tiyata.

Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa marasa tushe game da illar salpingectomy. Mata suna jin tsoron rasa "mace" bayan hanya, rage libido, samun nauyin jiki. Babu wani abin lura da ya tabbatar da waɗannan ra'ayoyin, akasin haka, kusan kashi 80% na mata suna ba da rahoton ingantaccen hulɗa da abokin tarayya.

6. Matsalolin da ake fuskanta bayan gamawa

Tubal ligation hanya ce mai aminci. Kamar yadda kake gani, tasirin sakamako na dogon lokaci ba zai zama barazana ba. Yawancin illa suna faruwa dangane da hanyar kanta. Tsakanin mata 4 zuwa 12 a cikin 100 salpingectomies da aka yi a ƙasashe masu tasowa suna mutuwa (zubar da jini, rikitarwa).

Mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da rikitarwa sune:

• abubuwan da ke haifar da maganin sa barci: rashin lafiyan halayen ga magungunan allura, cututtukan jini da na numfashi (amfani da maganin sa barcin yanki ya rage haɗarin waɗannan rikice-rikice).
• abubuwan tiyata: lalacewa ga manyan tasoshin ruwa da zub da jini mai alaƙa da ke buƙatar sake buɗe kogon ciki, lalacewar wasu gabobin, cututtuka da ƙurar raunuka.

Mafi haɗari mai haɗari da ke hade da laparoscopy, mummunar barazana ga rayuwa, shine lalacewa ga manyan tasoshin:

• aorta,
• kasan vena cava,
• tasoshin femoral ko na koda.

6.1. Minilaparotomy

Karamin parotomy wata hanya ce da likita ke yin kaciya a bangon ciki kusa da mahaifar mahaifa. Wannan hanya tana ɗaukar haɗari mafi girma na ciwo, zubar jini, da lalacewar mafitsara idan aka kwatanta da laparoscopy.

Bayan tiyata da maganin sa barcin da ke tattare da shi, kowane majiyyaci yana da hakkin ya ji rauni, tashin zuciya da zafi a cikin ƙananan ciki. Koyaya, waɗannan alamun suna wucewa da sauri kuma cikakkiyar farfadowa yana faruwa a cikin 'yan kwanaki kaɗan.

6.2. Matsaloli bayan amfani da hanyar ESSURE

Amfani da wannan hanyar zamani kuma yana haifar da wasu haɗari. Wannan na iya shafi tsarin kanta - lalacewa ga sashin haihuwa lokacin shigar da abin da aka saka a cikin bututun fallopian, zubar jini. Sauran rikitarwa bayan amfani da hanyar Essure sun haɗa da:

• zub da jini daga gabobi,
• ciki
• hadarin ectopic ciki,
• zafi,
• girgiza,
• lokaci mai tsawo na lokaci-lokaci, musamman a lokacin zagayowar 2 na farko.
• tashin zuciya,
• amai,
• suma
• rashin lafiyan halayen ga kayan.

7. ligation na ovaries da doka

irin wannan hana daukar ciki ana yi a kasashen da suka ci gaba sosai. A Poland ana ba da izini lokacin da yake cikin jiyya ko kuma idan ciki na gaba zai cutar da lafiyar mace da gaske ko kuma ya jefa rayuwarta cikin haɗari.

A aikace, ana yin tuba ne a lokacin da wani ciki ya haifar da barazana ga lafiya ko rayuwar mace, haka nan kuma idan an san cewa zuriya ta gaba za ta kamu da cuta mai tsanani. A wani yanayi, likita ba zai iya yin aikin ba ko da a buƙatar mai haƙuri kai tsaye.

Kar a jira ganin likita. Yi amfani da shawarwarin kwararru daga ko'ina cikin Poland a yau a abcZdrowie Nemo likita.