Maniyyi - tsarin, samarwa, anomalies

Spermatozoa sune kwayoyin kwayoyin halittar namiji da ake bukata don haifuwa ta jima'i. A cikin maza, suna da tsawon kusan 60 microns kuma an kafa su a cikin tsari spermatogenesis. Yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 16, amma yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni 2 don samar da duk manyan maniyyi. Idan cututtuka sun faru a lokacin zagaye na farko, ingancin maniyyi na iya lalacewa.

1. Maniyyi - tsari

Cikakken balagagge spermatozoa sun hada da kai da wuya kuma tsawonsu kusan 60µm ne. Kan maniyyi yana da siffar oval. Tsawon kusan 4-5 microns, faɗin 3-4 microns. A ciki, yana dauke da kwayar halitta mai dauke da DNA da acrosome. Acrosome yana ƙunshe da enzymes proteolytic da ke da alhakin shiga ta cikin fili na sel germ na mace. Vitek wani sinadari ne da ke da alhakin motsin spermatozoa. Wannan sinadari ya ƙunshi wuya da abin sakawa. Wuyan shine farkon ɓangaren igiya kuma yana haɗa kan maniyyi zuwa sauran igiyoyin. Saka, a daya bangaren, wani karin dabara ne na tsarin maniyyi.

2. Maniyyi - samarwa

Samar da spermatozoa a cikin maza ana kiransa tsari spermatogenesis. A lokacin samartaka a cikin samari, ana samun sel a cikin tubes na seminal daga sel mai tushe bayan mitosis, wanda ake kira. spermatogonia. Hormone mai motsa jiki na follicle sannan yana haifar da rarrabuwa ta hanyar mitosis. A wannan mataki, akwai spermatocytes odar XNUMX. Bayan haka, spermatocytes na farko suna shiga tsarin meiosis wanda aka kafa su spermatocytes odar XNUMX.

Wadannan sel suna sake shiga cikin tsarin meiosis kuma suna samuwa spermatozoa. Daga nan sai su koma spermatozoa tare da adadin haploid na chromosomes. A lokacin duka tsari, adadin cytoplasm da adadin kwayoyin halitta suna raguwa. Cibiyar tantanin halitta tana ɗaukar siffar kai, kuma wani ɓangare na na'urar Golgi yana rikidewa zuwa wani acrosome mai dauke da enzymes da ake bukata don shiga cikin kwai.

Dukkanin tsari na spermatogenesis yana ƙarƙashin kulawar hormonal na testosterone, kuma cikakken sake zagayowar spermatogenesis na ɗan adam yana ɗaukar kwanaki 72-74.

3. Maniyyi - anomalies

Spermatozoa sune kwayoyin da ake bukata don tsarin hadi. Duk da haka, akwai rashin daidaituwa iri-iri da za su iya shafar waɗannan kwayoyin halitta, wanda zai haifar da yunƙurin yin ciki wanda bai yi nasara ba. Daga cikin irin wannan cin zarafi, ana iya keɓance waɗanda ke da alaƙa da wani tsari mara kyau, adadi, ƙarar maniyyi da aka samar ko motsi. Dangane da tsarin spermatozoa, lahani na iya shafar duk abubuwan tsarin su kuma ana kiran su teratozoospermia. Idan aka yi la'akari da adadin maniyyi a cikin maniyyi, ana iya lura da haka: azoospermia (rashin spermatozoa a cikin maniyyi), oligospermia (yawan yawan maniyyi a cikin maniyyi) da cryptozoospermia (lokacin da spermatozoa guda ɗaya kawai ake iya gani a cikin maniyyi). An raba matsalar yawan adadin maniyyi zuwa: aspermia (lokacin da kasa da 0,5 ml na maniyyi ya fito a cikin maniyyi daya). hypospermia (idan adadin ya kasa da 2 ml), hyperspermia (lokacin da adadin maniyyi ya wuce 6 ml). Asthenozoospermia kalma ce da ake amfani da ita don bayyana motsin maniyyi mara kyau, yayin da bisa ga ka'idoji na yanzu, fiye da 32% na maniyyi yakamata ya nuna motsi gaba.

Duba kuma: Shin ɗan adam yana jiran mutuwa? Maniyyi yana mutuwa

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