alopecia areata

Bayanin alopecia areata

Alopecia areata cuta ce da ke faruwa a lokacin da garkuwar jiki ta kai hari ga gashin gashi kuma yana haifar da asarar gashi. Ƙunƙarar gashi wani tsari ne a cikin fata wanda ke samar da gashi. Yayin da gashi zai iya fadowa a kowane bangare na jiki, alopecia areata yakan shafi kai da fuska. Gashin yakan faɗo a cikin ƙananan ƙananan nau'i-nau'i masu girman kwata, amma a wasu lokuta, asarar gashi ya fi yawa. Yawancin mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin suna da koshin lafiya kuma ba su da wata alama.

Hanyar alopecia areata ta bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Wasu mutane suna fama da asarar gashi a tsawon rayuwarsu, yayin da wasu suna da kashi ɗaya kawai. Farfadowa kuma ba a iya tsinkaya, tare da wasu mutane suna sake dawo da gashin kansu gaba ɗaya, wasu kuma ba haka bane.

Babu magani ga alopecia areata, amma akwai hanyoyin da ke taimakawa gashi girma da sauri. Har ila yau, akwai albarkatu don taimakawa mutane su magance asarar gashi.

Wanene yake samun alopecia areata?

Kowane mutum na iya samun alopecia areata. Maza da mata suna karbe shi daidai-wa-daida, kuma ya shafi kowane jinsi da kabilanci. Farkon na iya zama a kowane shekaru, amma ga yawancin mutane yana faruwa a cikin shekarun matasa, ashirin, ko talatin. Lokacin da ya faru a cikin yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 10, yakan zama mafi girma da ci gaba.

Idan kana da dangi na kusa da yanayin, ƙila ka kasance cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar, amma mutane da yawa ba su da tarihin iyali. Masana kimiyya sun danganta wasu kwayoyin halitta da cutar, suna nuna cewa kwayoyin halitta suna taka rawa a cikin alopecia areata. Yawancin kwayoyin halitta da suka gano suna da mahimmanci don aikin tsarin rigakafi.

Mutanen da ke da wasu yanayi na autoimmune, irin su psoriasis, cututtukan thyroid, ko vitiligo, sun fi dacewa da alopecia areata, kamar yadda mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiyan, kamar zazzabin hay.

Yana yiwuwa alopecia areata na iya haifar da damuwa ta motsin rai ko rashin lafiya a cikin mutanen da ke cikin haɗari, amma a mafi yawan lokuta babu bayyanannen abubuwan da ke haifar da su.

Nau'in alopecia areata

Akwai manyan nau'ikan alopecia areata guda uku:

• Mayar da hankali alopecia. A irin wannan nau'in, wanda ya fi yawa, asarar gashi yana faruwa ne a matsayin faci ɗaya ko fiye a kan fatar kai ko wasu sassan jiki.
• jimlar alopecia. Masu irin wannan nau'in sun rasa duka ko kusan duk gashin da ke kawunansu.
• Universal alopecia. A cikin irin wannan nau'in, wanda ba kasafai ba, ana samun cikakkiyar asarar gashi a kai, fuska, da sauran sassan jiki.

Alamomin alopecia areata

Alopecia areata da farko yana shafar gashi, amma a wasu lokuta canje-canje ga kusoshi ma yana yiwuwa. Mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta yawanci suna da lafiya kuma ba su da wata alama.

Canjin Gashi

Alopecia areata yawanci yana farawa ne da rashin zazzaɓi na zagaye ko kwatsam na gashin kai a kai, amma duk wani ɓangaren jiki na iya shafar shi, kamar wurin gemu a maza, gira ko gashin ido. Gefen facin sau da yawa suna da gajeriyar tsinke ko alamar kirarin gashi waɗanda suka fi kunkuntar a gindi fiye da a saman. Yawancin lokaci, wuraren da aka fallasa ba su nuna alamun kurji, ja, ko tabo. Wasu mutane suna ba da rahoton cewa suna jin tingling, konewa ko ƙaiƙayi a wuraren fata daidai kafin asarar gashi.

Da zarar tabo mara tushe ta bayyana, yana da wuya a iya hasashen abin da zai faru a gaba. Siffofin sun haɗa da:

• Gashi yana girma a cikin 'yan watanni. Yana iya fitowa fari ko launin toka da farko, amma da shigewar lokaci yana iya komawa zuwa launinsa na halitta.
• Ƙarin wuraren buɗewa suna haɓaka. Wani lokaci gashin kan sake girma a sashin farko yayin da sabbin faci suka yi.
• Ƙananan tabo suna haɗuwa zuwa manyan. A lokuta da ba kasafai ba, a ƙarshe gashi yana faɗuwa a kan gabaɗayan fatar kan kai, wanda ake kira alopecia.
• Akwai ci gaba don kammala asarar gashin jiki, irin yanayin da ake kira alopecia universalis. Yana da wuyar gaske.

A mafi yawan lokuta, gashi yana girma, amma ana iya samun wasu lokuta na asarar gashi.

Gashi yana son girma da kansa gaba ɗaya a cikin mutane masu:

• Ƙananan asarar gashi.
• Daga baya shekarun farawa.
• Babu canje-canjen ƙusa.
• Babu tarihin iyali na cuta.

Canjin farce

Canje-canjen ƙusa kamar ramuka da ramuka suna faruwa a wasu mutane, musamman waɗanda ke da asarar gashi mai tsanani.

Sanadin alopecia areata

A cikin alopecia areata, tsarin rigakafi ya yi kuskure ya kai hari ga gashin gashi, yana haifar da kumburi. Masu bincike ba su da cikakkiyar fahimtar abin da ke haifar da hari na rigakafi a kan ƙwayoyin gashi, amma sun yi imanin cewa duka kwayoyin halitta da na muhalli (marasa kwayoyin halitta) suna taka rawa.