Marzanna

Mutanen da suka rayu a kan Vistula, kamar sauran Slavs kafin Kiristanci a 966, suna da nasu tsarin imani bisa al'adar shirka. Waɗannan gumakan galibi sun kasance suna siffanta ƙarfin yanayi daban-daban. Za mu iya cewa wannan addini ya kuma bambanta da gagarumin bambancin - dangane da castles da kuma takamaiman yankuna, sauran Slavic alloli sun kasance mafi muhimmanci. Mutanen da daga baya suka kafa al'ummar Poland kafin Kiristanci ba su yarda da al'ada ko daya ba. Nazarinsa a yau yana da matukar wahala saboda jahilci na Slavs. Ba kamar Helenawa na dā ko Romawa ba, waɗanda suka yi rayuwa da yawa a baya, ba su bar wata rubutacciyar shaida ba, saboda haka, abin baƙin ciki, a yau ’yan tarihi za su iya dogara ga abin da ya rage a al’adar jama’a ko kuma a kan tarihin tarihin Kirista na farko.

Ɗaya daga cikin al'adun wannan nau'in, wanda ya ci gaba da ci gaba tun daga zamanin arna har zuwa yau, yana hade da allahn Slavic na hunturu da mutuwa, wanda aka sani da Marzanna, ko kuma Marzana, Morena, Moran. An dauke ta aljani ne, kuma mabiyanta suna tsoronta, suna kamanta ta da kamannin mugunta. Ta kasance abin tsoro ga yara ƙanana waɗanda ba su yi biyayya ga iyayensu ba, da kuma matar tatsuniya na ƙasar, inda kowane mutum zai ƙare bayan mutuwarsa. Asalin sunan Marzanne yana da alaƙa da proto-Indo-Turai element "mar", "annoba", wanda ke nufin mutuwa. Ana samun alloli sau da yawa a cikin almara da almara a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran masu adawa da al'adun Slavic.

Ba a taɓa jin bukukuwan girmama Marzanne ba, amma wasu shahararrun mutane ne suka bauta wa alloli na mutuwa. Hakan ya faru ne saboda lokacin sanyi, lokacin da rayuwa ta ƙara tsananta. Mutane sun yi farin ciki lokacin da equinox na bazara ya zo ƙarshe a ranar 21 ga Maris. Bikin da aka yi a lokacin a tsakiyar Turai ana kiransa Dzharymai. Tun daga wannan rana, yini ya fi dare tsayi, sabili da haka, a alamance, a cikin zagayowar shekara, duhu ya ba da haske da kyau. Saboda haka, waɗannan bukukuwa sun kasance masu farin ciki - mutanen Slavic sun yi rawa kuma suna raira waƙa duk dare.

Ƙarshen al'ada a kan lokaci shine al'ada na kona ko narke ɗan tsana mai siffar Marzanne. Ya kamata ya zama alamar kariya daga mugun aljani da tunani mara kyau na lokacin sanyi mai wuya, da kuma tada bazara mai dumi da abokantaka. An fi yin Kukkis daga hay, wanda aka nannade shi da lilin don nuna alamar mace. Wani lokaci mutumin da aka nutse da aka shirya ta wannan hanyar, ana yi masa ado da ƙwanƙwasa, ribbon ko wasu kayan ado. Abin sha'awa, wannan al'ada ta kasance mai ƙarfi fiye da ƙoƙari na Kiristanci. Firistoci sun yi ta ƙoƙarin kawar da wannan al'adar arna a tsakanin al'ummar Poland, amma mazauna yankin a kan kogin Vistula, tare da taurin kai na maniac, sun kirkiro 'yan tsana na kansu kuma suka nutsar da su a cikin ruwa na gida. Wannan al'ada ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a Silesia, inda ake yin ta a mafi yawan wurare. Mawallafin tarihin Poland Jan Dlugosz, wanda ya rayu a cikin karni na XNUMX, ya ambaci sunan Marzanna, yana kwatanta ta a matsayin allahn Poland kuma ya kwatanta ta da Roman Ceres, wanda, abin sha'awa, shine allahn haihuwa. Har wa yau, ana yin abubuwan da suka faru a ranar vernal equinox, lokacin da Marzanna ta narke ko ƙonewa, misali a Brynica, wanda a yau yana cikin birnin Silesian.

Topeni Marzanny

Misalai na narkewa Marzanny (Topienie Marzanny. Miasteczko ląskie, 2015 - tushen wikipedia.pl)