Properties da abũbuwan amfãni daga hematite

Ya zama ruwan dare a Duniya, ana kuma samun hematite da yawa akan duniyar Mars. A cikin nau'in foda mai ja, yana launin duk duniya. Akwai yankuna na duniyar Mars da ke rufe da hematites a cikin nau'i na manyan lu'ulu'u masu launin toka na ƙarfe, kuma masana kimiyya suna mamakin, saboda sau da yawa fiye da haka, wannan yanayin ma'adinai ne ke buƙatar fallasa ruwa a lokacin samuwarsa. Sannan wani tsohon nau'in rayuwa, tsiro, dabba ko wani abu na iya yiwuwa...

Hematite, watakila alamar rayuwa akan duniyar Mars, ya kasance tare da ci gaban ɗan adam na duniya tun farkon zamanin da. Ƙarfafawa ta hanyoyi da yawa," bari in yi wani abu na iya zama mai laushi ko taushi sosai, mara hankali ko sheki. Launukan sa kuma suna yaudarar mu kamar wuta a ƙarƙashin toka, ja yana ɓoye a bayan launin toka da baki.

Kayan ado da abubuwan da aka yi da hematite

Halayen ma'adinai na hematite

Hematite, wanda ya ƙunshi oxygen da baƙin ƙarfe, oxide ne. Don haka, tana rayuwa tare da manyan yakutu da sapphires, amma ba ta da asali iri ɗaya ko rariya ɗaya. Taman ƙarfe ne na kowa. Ya samo asali ne a cikin duwatsu masu rarrafe, a cikin duwatsun metamorphic (tsarin da ya canza tare da karuwar zafin jiki ko matsa lamba), a cikin mahallin hydrothermal, ko a cikin fumaroles na volcanic. Abin da ke cikin baƙin ƙarfe a cikinsa ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na magnetite, yana iya kaiwa 70%.

Taurin hematite shine matsakaici (daga 5 zuwa 6 akan sikelin maki 10). Ba shi da ƙarfi kuma yana da juriya ga acid. Daga maras ban sha'awa zuwa haske na ƙarfe, yana da siffa mara kyau tare da yawanci launin toka, baki, ko launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin yana tare da jajayen tunani. Mafi kyawun nau'in hatsi, yawancin ja yana nan.

Ana bayyana wannan siffa lokacin lura da layin hematite, wato, alamar da aka bari bayan gogayya a kan ɗanyen tanda (gefen baya na tayal). Ba tare da la'akari da launi ba, hematite koyaushe yana barin jan ceri ko ruwan ruwan ja. Wannan alamar ta musamman tana bayyana shi da tabbaci.

Hematite, ba kamar magnetite mai suna daidai ba, ba maganadisu ba ne, amma yana iya zama mai rauni yayin zafi. Duwatsun da aka yi kuskure da ake kira "magnetic hematites" a zahiri "hematine" ne da aka samu daga wani abu na wucin gadi gaba daya.

apparence

Siffar hematite ya bambanta sosai ya danganta da abubuwan da suka shafi abun da ke ciki, wurinsa, da yanayin zafin da ake ciki a lokacin halittarsa. Muna lura da faranti na bakin ciki ko kauri, ɗimbin yawa, ginshiƙai, gajerun lu'ulu'u, da sauransu. Wasu nau'ikan suna da na musamman don haka suna da nasu suna:

• Rosa de Fer: hematite mai siffar rosette, mai ban mamaki kuma ba kasafai ba.
• Musamman: madubi mai kama da hematite, kamannin sa na lenticular sosai yana nuna haske.
• Likita: da ɓullo da lu'ulu'u, ornamental ma'adinai na kyau kwarai inganci.
• Red ocher: yumbu da nau'i na ƙasa a cikin nau'i na ƙananan hatsi masu laushi, ana amfani da su azaman pigment tun zamanin prehistoric.

Haɗin hematite a cikin wasu duwatsu kamar rutile, jasper ko quartz suna ba da sakamako mai ban mamaki kuma ana neman su sosai. Mun kuma san kyakkyawan heliolite, wanda ake kira sunstone, wanda ke haskakawa saboda kasancewar flakes na hematite.

Provenance

Mafi girma kuma mafi ban mamaki lu'ulu'u na hematite an hako su a Brazil. Masu hakar ma'adinai sun gano wani nau'in haɗe-haɗe na baƙaƙen hematite da rawaya rutile a Itabira, Minas Gerais. Har ila yau, akwai itabirite mai wuyar gaske, wanda shine mica schist wanda aka maye gurbin mica flakes da hematite.

Sauran wurare na musamman masu albarka ko sanannun sun haɗa da: Arewacin Amurka (Michigan, Minnesota, Lake Superior), Venezuela, Afirka ta Kudu, Laberiya, Australia, New Zealand, China, Bangladesh, India, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, Italiya (Elba Island), Switzerland (St. Gotthard), Faransa ( Puis de la Tache, Auvergne. Framont-Grandfontaine, Vosges. Bourg-d'Oisans, Alps).

Etymology da ma'anar sunan "hematite".

Sunansa ya fito daga Latin hematites kanta ya fito daga Girkanci. Pancreas (waka). Wannan suna, ba shakka, kwatankwaci ne ga launin jajayen foda, wanda ke canza launin ruwan da kuma sanya shi kamar jini. Saboda wannan siffa, hematite yana haɗuwa da babban iyali na kalmomi kamar: hematoma, hemophilia, hemorrhage da sauran haemoglobin ...

A cikin Faransanci wani lokaci ana kiransa da sauƙi jinin jini. A cikin Jamusanci, ana kuma kiransa hematite bloodstein. Turanci daidai heliotrope tanada donheliotrope, mun same shi a ƙarƙashin kalmar hematite a kasashen turanci.

Lapidaries na tsakiyar zamanai sun kira shi "hematite"ko wani lokacin"kuna sosaboda haka rikicewa tare da amethyst yana yiwuwa. Daga baya an kira shi dutsen hematite.

Abubuwan wanka oligarch, yawanci ana ajiye shi don hematite a cikin manyan lu'ulu'u, ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a cikin karni na XNUMX don komawa zuwa hematite gaba ɗaya. René-Just Gahuy, sanannen masanin ma'adinai, ya ba shi wannan suna, wanda aka samo daga Girkanci oligistma'ana " 'yan kaxan ". Shin wannan nuni ne akan adadin fuskokin kristal ko abun cikin baƙin ƙarfe? An raba ra'ayi.

Hematite a cikin tarihi

A cikin tarihin tarihi

Masu fasaha na farko su ne Homo sapiens, kuma na farko fenti ne ocher. Tun kafin wannan lokacin, an yi amfani da hematite a cikin nau'i na ja ocher don yin ado da jiki. Sha'awar zana a kan wani matsakaici ba kai ko danginsa ya taso tare da inganta fasahar: murƙushe duwatsu da narkar da su cikin ruwa ko mai.

Bison da reindeer a cikin kogon Chauvet (kimanin shekaru 30.000) da kuma kogon Lascaux (kimanin shekaru 20.000) an zana su da fentin ja. Ana girbe shi ko samu ta hanyar dumama goethite, ocher mai launin rawaya da ya fi kowa yawa. An yi amfani da ma'adinan hematite na farko daga baya, kusan shekaru 10.000 da suka gabata.

A cikin wayewar Farisa, Babila da Masarawa

Wayewar Farisa da Babila sun yi amfani da launin toka mai launin toka kuma mai yiwuwa sun dangana ikon sihiri zuwa gare shi. saboda wannan abu cylinders-mascots sukan yi. Musamman, an samo ƙananan silinda tun daga 4.000 BC. An zana su da alamun cuneiform, an soke su tare da axis don sawa a wuya.

Masarawa sun zana hematite kuma sun ɗauke shi dutse mai daraja., Mafi kyawun lu'ulu'u ana hako su a kan bankunan Nilu da kuma a cikin ma'adinan Nubia. Matan Masar arziƙi suna sassaƙa madubi daga hematite mai ƙyalƙyali kuma suna fentin leɓunansu da jan ocher. Hematite foda kuma yana hana abubuwan da ba a so na kowa: cututtuka, abokan gaba da mugayen ruhohi. Mun yada ko'ina, zai fi dacewa a gaban kofofin.

Diluted hematite shine kyakkyawan digon ido. Wani zane daga wani kabari a Deir el-Medina a cikin Thebes ya nuna wurin da ake gina haikali. Mun ga wani ma'aikaci da ya samu rauni a ido yana jinyar likita da flask dinsa da kayan aikin sa. Yin amfani da stylus, masanin kimiyyar yana sanya digon ido ja ja a cikin idon mara lafiya.

A zamanin d Girka da Romawa

Girkawa da Romawa suna danganta kyawawan dabi'u iri ɗaya ga hematite, yayin da suke amfani da shi a cikin murƙushe nau'in "don kwantar da tarkon idanu." Wannan dukiya mai maimaitawa, wanda aka danganta ga hematite a zamanin da, ana iya samo shi zuwa ga almara na dutse mai ban mamaki da ake kira. zuma lapis (Medes dutse). Mediyawa, tsohuwar wayewa kusa da Farisa, tabbas sun mallaki wata mu'ujiza mai kore da baƙar fata hematite mai iya maido da gani ga makafi da warkar da gout ta hanyar jiƙa da madarar tumaki.

Har ila yau, wanda aka tarwatsa hematite yana warkar da konewa, cututtukan hanta, kuma da alama yana da amfani ga wadanda suka ji rauni da suka zubar da jini a fagen fama. Ana amfani da shi a ciki a cikin nau'i na vinegar don hemoptysis, cututtuka na hanta, zubar da jini na gynecological, da kuma maganin guba da cizon maciji.

Hematite kuma zai kawo wasu fa'idodin da ba a zata ba. Ya bude tarkon barasa tun da farko, ya shiga tsakani cikin bukatu da aka gabatar wa sarakuna, kuma ya tabbatar da kyakkyawan sakamako a shari'a da kotuna.

Red ocher pigment launukan haikalin Girkanci da mafi kyawun zane-zane. Romawa sun kira shi rubric (a tsakiyar Faransa kuma an kira shi rubric na dogon lokaci). Theophrastus, dalibi na Aristotle, ya kwatanta hematite. m da m daidaito, wanda, yin hukunci da sunan, kunshi petrified jini. ", wallahi Virgil da Pliny suna murna da kyau da yalwar hematites daga Habasha da tsibirin Elba.

A tsakiyar zamanai

A cikin tsakiyar zamanai, ana amfani da hematite foda sau da yawa a cikin abun da ke ciki na nau'in fenti na musamman - grisaille. Gilashin gilashin, ƙwararrun majami'u na Gothic cathedrals da majami'u, an yi su da wannan fenti don gilashi. Ci gabansa yana da dabara da kuma hadaddun, amma a sauƙaƙe, cakuɗe ne na foda da gilashin fusible, kuma a cikin foda, daure da ruwa (giya, vinegar, ko ma fitsari).

Tun daga karni na XNUMX, tarurrukan sun kasance suna ƙirƙirar sabon launi na gilashi, musamman bisa ga hematite, sanguine "Jean Cousin", wanda ake amfani da shi don canza fuskokin haruffa. Daga baya, an yi amfani da crayons da fensir daga gare ta, waɗanda suka shahara sosai a lokacin Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci ya yi amfani da su don aikinsa na shirye-shiryen, har ma a yau, ana ɗaukan ja alli sosai don kyakkyawan yanayin da aka ba da kyauta da kuma yanayi mai dumi da ke fitowa daga gare su. Ana amfani da nau'in nau'in hematite mai wuya a cikin gyaran ƙarfe, ana kiran shi "dutse mai gogewa".

Jean de Mandeville, marubucin bitar lapidary karni na XNUMX, ya gaya mana game da wasu kyawawan dabi'un hematite. Akwai ci gaba tare da alamun hematite a cikin Antiquity:

« Sub-ja dutse na baƙin ƙarfe launi tare da admixture na jini streaks. Muna fitar da les cuteaulx (kaifi wuka), muna yin giya mai kyau don esclarsir la veüe (hangen nesa). Fodar wannan dutse da ruwan beue (blue) yana warkar da masu amai da jini ta baki. Yana da tasiri a kan gout, yana sa mata masu kiba su dauki jariran su zuwa ajali, suna magance zubar jini, da sarrafa fitar mace (hailar jinin haila), tana da tasiri wajen cizon maciji, idan aka sha ta kan yi tasiri kan tsakuwar mafitsara. »

A zamanin yau

A cikin karni na XNUMX, Duke de Chaulnes, masanin halitta kuma masanin ilmin sunadarai, ya gaya mana cewa an yi amfani da hematite a cikin abun da ke cikin "Martian liqueur aperitif". Akwai kuma hematite "styptic barasa" (astringent), "magisterium" (ma'adinai potion), hematite mai da kwayoyi!

Ƙarshe na ƙarshe don girbe fa'idodinsa shine "kunna da sauƙi, ƴan kumfa, babu kuma. Sannan a wanke ta sau da yawa, ko da kuwa ba a kora ba, domin akwai bambanci na karfi da inganci tsakanin wanda aka wanke da wanda ba a kora ba.”

Abvantbuwan amfãni da kaddarorin hematite a cikin lithotherapy

Hematite, dutsen jini, baya kwace sunansa. Iron oxide, wanda wani bangare ne nasa, shi ma yana yawo a cikin jininmu yana canza rayuwarmu da ja. Rashin ƙarfe yana haifar da anemia kuma yana kawo gajiya, pallor, asarar ƙarfi. Hematite yayi watsi da waɗannan gazawar, yana da ƙarfi, sautin da kuzari a ajiyar. Yana ba da amsa ga duk cututtukan jini kuma yana ba da wasu ƙwarewa masu amfani da yawa a cikin mahallin lithotherapy.

Amfanin Hematite ga Ciwon Jiki

Ana amfani da hematite a cikin lithotherapy saboda sabuntawa, tonic da kayan tsaftacewa. An ba da shawarar musamman don magani yanayin da ke da alaƙa da jini, warkar da rauni, farfadowar tantanin halitta da tsarin warkarwa gaba ɗaya.

• Yaki da cututtukan jini: varicose veins, basur, cutar Raynaud
• Yana kawar da migraines da sauran ciwon kai
• Yana daidaita hawan jini
• Yana ƙarfafa shaƙar baƙin ƙarfe (anemia)
• yana tsarkake jinin
• Detoxifies hanta
• Yana kunna aikin koda
• Hemostatic sakamako (nauyin haila, zub da jini)
• Yana haɓaka warkar da rauni da sake farfadowar tantanin halitta
• yana magance hematomas
• Yana kawar da bayyanar cututtuka na spasmophilia (maƙarƙashiya, rashin hutawa)
• Yana kawar da matsalolin ido (hanci, conjunctivitis)

Amfanin hematite ga psyche da dangantaka

Dutsen goyon baya da jituwa, Ana amfani da hematite a cikin lithotherapy saboda tasirinsa mai kyau akan psyche akan matakan da yawa. Ya kamata a lura da cewaHaɗa da kyau tare da Rose Quartz.

• Yana dawo da ƙarfin hali, kuzari da kyakkyawan fata
• Yana haɓaka wayar da kan kai da sauran su
• Ƙarfafa hukunci
• Yana ƙara yarda da kai da son rai
• Rage jin kunyar mace
• Yana ƙara maida hankali da ƙwaƙwalwa
• Yana sauƙaƙe nazarin batutuwan fasaha da lissafi
• Taimakawa shawo kan jaraba da tilastawa (shan taba, barasa, bulimia, da sauransu)
• Yana rage maula da halayen fushi
• Yana kwantar da tsoro kuma yana inganta barci mai natsuwa

Hematite ya dace da duk chakras, shine musamman hade da wadannan chakras: chakra rasina na 1 (muladhara chakra), chakra tsarki na biyu (svadisthana chakra) da zuciya chakra na hudu (anahata chakra).

Tsaftacewa da caji

Ana tsarkake Hematite ta hanyar nutsar da shi a cikin gilashin ko tukunyar ƙasa da aka cika da shidistilled ko dan kadan gishiri ruwa. Yana sake saukewa rana ko a kan gungu na quartz ko a ciki amethyst geode.